Intro Portfolio

Color Psychology

#19 Research and Inspiration

I love this! It's a planting company so they put seeds inside the card. This is really creative and would definitely make me remember the company. Although it could be somewhat expensive.

I like the simplicity of this.

This is by far my favorite card I have seen. The design is so fun and cute but not overwhelming.

#18 Research and Inspiration

I like this wordmark because it is fun and easily recognizable. When I see this I immediately imagine it being drawn out on the screen of the TV.

This wordmark is also very simple and recognizable yet different because of the arrows. I like the way they are incorporated into the letters. 

Stationary Package

Stationary Package

When establishing a business, it is very important that all communications are well coordinated and that the message of the organization is presented consistently.

• the printed pieces that a company utilizes for communication purposes 
• business card, letterhead and envelope

Letterhead: a printed piece of paper used to send letters, memos, etc.

Includes:

• logo
• company name
• company address
• phone number
• fax number
• wed address

Design tips

• must be 8.5 x 11 in the US
• must be vertical orientation 
• must leave room to write the letter, memo, etc. big empty space in the middle
• check for accuracy
• check for unity.... continuity among other pieces

Envelope: 

• logo
• company name
• company address

Design tips

• must be 9.5" x 4.125'
• horizontal OR vertical orientation
• must leave room for recipient's address and stamp
• check for accurcy
• check for unity.... continuity among other pieces
• the closer you go to the edge, the more expensive. 

#17 Research and Inspiration

Logo Trends

• More unusual shapes are being used rather than the normal squares, circles, and triangles
• More and more people are incorporating buttons and speech bubbles into their designs
• People are using grays and brows instead of plain old black because it is more sleek 
• Different shades of greens are used for environmental designs 

I like this logo because although it doesn't have any words it's so simple that it is easily recognizable and memorable. 

I like this design because it is simple yet it has the hammer combined with the H in handy. 

I like this combination mark because you can clearly tell that it is a burger. The red letters act as the meat while the yellow is supposed to be a bun.

Logotype

Logotype: (LOGO) a graphic mark or emblem commonly used by commercial enterprises, organizations and even individuals to air and promote instant public recognition 

• numerous inventions and techniques have contributed to the contemporary logo (Egyptian Hieroglyphics)
• as printing decreased, literacy rates increased, and visual styles changed, the Victorian decorative arts lead to an expansion of typographic styles and methods of representing businesses. 
• the visual simplicity and conceptual clarity were the hallmarks of Modernism as an artistic movement formed a powerful tool set for a new generation of graphic designers
• LESS IS MORE
• modernist-inspired logos proved successful in the era of mass visual communications ushered in by television, improvements in printing technology, and digital innovations
• Logo design is an important area of graphic design, and one of the most difficult to perfect
• this is because logos are meant to represent companies' brands or corporate identities and foster their immediate customer recognition 
• real people in real life situations do not stare at and analyze logos
•  they just "see" it... and a quick glance will not be enough to get all the details in a complex logo
• a logo needs to be simple, but have enough personality that it stands out in a crowd

5 Principles of Effective Logo Design

1. simple (easily recognizable) 
2. memorable (simple yet appropriate) 
3. timeless (will it still be affective over time; not overly trendy) 
4. versatile (needs to work on a variety of media) 
5. appropriate (intended audience) 

Is your logo still effective if printed in...

• in one color
• in reverse color
• the size of a postage stamp
• as a large billboard

Four Color Process (CMYK)
-technique for printing with full color. The four colors reproduce all colors of the spectrum when mixed in proper proportion. Also called full color printing


Spot Color
-method of specifying and printing colors in which each color is printed with its own ink. Effective when the printed matter contains only 0one to three different color, but it becomes prohibitively expensive for more colors. 
-Pantone Matching System: everyone and every printer uses these colors only when trying to design with spot colors 


Remember:

• Colors also tend to follow trends but be careful when designing something that is meant to last a long time
• Keep your color palette to two or three. Too many colors will increase your cost of production. As will it may cause a chaotic design. 

Combination Mark: the text and a symbol/icon that signifies the brand image that you wish to project for your company or organization

16: Research and Inspiration

What are infographics?Information graphics or infographics are graphic visual representations of information, data or knowledge. These graphicspresent complex information quickly and clearly,  such as in signs, maps, journalism, technical writing, and education.

I also really liked the one Mrs. Dayton had picked because it's fun and entertaining yet gets the point of a timeline across. I thought it was really creative that they used a candy land theme; it got my attention and directed me throughout the graphic

I love this info graphic because it uses an actual road to show the traffic and then has the little graphics or symbols numbered so that we can read about them off to the side. It's not too crowded and it flows really easily.

15: Research and Inspiration

An illuminated manuscript is a manuscript in which the text is supplemented by the addition of decoration, such as decoratedinitials, borders (marginalia) and miniature illustrations. (wikipedia) 

I liked this one because the page was very organized and inline. The border isn't exactly plain but it's simple enough that the focus is evenly distributed

I like how the text used unity/variety by keeping all the text in the same font, size and color and then making an X by coloring some letters yellow

14: Research and Inspiration

I like this design because when I first looked at I immediately started from the top left and made my way down the page in a "Z" shape without even meaning too. It's simple yet gets the point across.

I like the use of the diagonal zig zag lines  and how they lead the eye into the main object/ text

Visual Organization

Eye Movement 

• not directing the audience through the design is misdirecting them 
• the typical eye moves left to right and top to bottom 
• controlling the eye movement within a composition is a matter of directing the natural scanning tendency of the viewer's eye 
• the eye tends to gravitate towards areas of complexity first. in pictures of people, the eye is always attracted to the face and particularly the eye 
• light areas of a composition will attract the eye, especially adjacent (next to) to a dark area 
• diagonal lines or edges will guide eye movement 
• optical center: the spot where the human eye tends to enter the page. optical center is slightly above mathematical center and just to the left 
• it takes a compelling element to pull your eyes away from this spot
• Z Pattern: our visual pattern makes a sweep of the page, generally in the shape of a "Z"
• Effective page design maps a viewer's route through the information. The designer's objective is to lead the viewer's eye to the important elements or information. 

Fonts

• no more than 2 fonts in one composition 
• make sure they compliment each other
• avoid all caps 
• choose the right font to fit the tone of your project
• do not overuse fancy or complicated fonts (scripts and calligraphy)
• www.typography.com/email/2010-03/index.HTML

Visual Hierarchy:

• Establishes focal points based on their importance to the message that's being communicated 
• A crucial part of the design process is to establish an order of elements, a visual structure, to help the viewer absorb the information provided by a design 

To Establish Visual Hierarchy ask yourself...

• what do I want my viewer to look at first
• what do I want my viewer to look at second, third, fourth, etc..

The Grid:

• a way of organizing content on a page
• uses any combination of margins, guide lines, rows and columns.
• instituted by modernism (1950s)
• can assist the audience by breaking info into manageable chunks and establishing relationships between text and images
• distinct set of alignment based relationships
• every design is different; therefore every design will require a different grid structure....one that addresses the particular elements within the design 
• a grid is used to help clarify the message being communicated and to unify the elements

"Early Computers | 1930s - 1980s AD"

What is an abacus?

In 1936,  Zuse invented this type of computer?

Post a photo of the 1944 Mark Computer.
In 1944, Aiken and Hopper designed the Mark Series of computers to be used for what?
Post a photo of the UNIVAC Computer.
In 1951, Eckert and Mauchly designed the first commercial computer for whom?

What does UNIVAC stand for?

In 1953, IBM enters the scene. What does IBM stand for?

What is FORTRAN?

Post a photo of the first mouse.
In 1964, how did Engelbart change the way computers worked?

What is the significance of ARPnet?

In 1971, Intel introduced this? Post a photo of it.

In the same year, IBM introduced this? Post a photo of one.

In 1973, Metcalf and Xerox created this?

During the next several years, the first consumer computers were marketed. Post photos of the Altair, Apple I, Apple II, TRS-80, Commodore PET. Label each.

In 1981, Bill Gates and Microsoft introduced this package?
Post a photo of the Lisa computer.
In 1983, who introduced the Lisa computer?

What is GUI?
Post a photo of the computer mentioned below.
In 1984, a more affordable home computer was introduced. Name the computer and the company that marketed it?

The commercial only ran one time. When?

In response to the Apple GUI, Gates and Microsoft introduced this?

Two men are known for their development of the Apple I computer. Who are they?

When was the internet that we know, world wide web, developed and introduced?

Over the years, Apple has included "easter eggs" within their software. What is an "easter egg"?

Search for easter eggs in Photoshop and Illustrator. List a few in this post ... and try to find them in the applications.

Where do you think computers will take us in the next 10 years?

"Photography | 1839 - 1960s AD"

Until the 1880s, how were news stories illustrated?
Engravings or woodcuts were used.
What is a camera obscura?
An optical device that projects an image of its surroundings onto a screen.
How did scholars and artists utilize the camera obscure?
It was used to observe solar eclipses and phases of the moon.
From where did the photographic camera develop?
The portable box version of the camera obscura.
Who first used the term "photography"? Where was is derived from?
Sir John Herschel first used the term "photography". It is derived from the Greek words for light and writing.
Who is credited with making the first successful photograph?
Joseph Niepce
Who invented the Daguerreotype process? What are the advantages and disadvantages of the process?Louis Daguerre invented the Daguerreotype process. The process reduced the time needed to make photographs. However, the process was expensive, and the image could not be duplicated.
Who invented the Calotype process? What are the advantages and disadvantages of the process? William Fox Talbot invented the Calotype process. An unlimited amount of duplicates could be made, but the quality of the image was affected by experimentations.
Who invented the Wet Collodion process? What are the advantages and disadvantages of the process? Frederick Scott Archer invented the Wet Collodion process. The process reduced the exposure time and costs. A much sharper image was produced. Darkrooms and other equipment had to be portable.
Who invented the Dry Plate process? What are the advantages and disadvantages of the process?
Richard Maddox invented the Dry Plate process. The disadvantage was that this process still made photography too complicated for the general public. The advantage was that the gelatin still is the base of film even today.
Who is George Eastman? What company did he establish? George Eastman is the inventor of roll film, a photographic medium that is coated on paper rolls. He established the Eastman Kodak company.
In 1888, he produced a camera that use his flexible roll film. How did he make this camera/photography accessible to the public?
He introduced the camera called the 'Brownie'. It just sold for $1.
What is Edwin Land best known for? What company did he establish? Edwin Land is best known for inventing instant photography. He founded the Polaroid Corporation.

How long did the first Polaroid camera take to produce a photo?
60 seconds.
What was Eadweard Muybridge known for? He was known for starting motion picture photography.
What is the Zoopraxiscope? A device used to show images in successive pages of motion.
How did Muybridge settle the debate and photograph a horse in motion? He set up a system of cameras that were triggered by a thread when the horse was in motion.
In 1880s, the development of the motion picture camera allowed this? It allowed for the capturing of several individual images on a single film reel.
Post a photo of a motion picture projector.
What is a motion picture projector? A device that shines a light through a piece of film and magnifies a "moving picture" onto a screen for an audience.

Post an example of a camera obscura.

Post an the first photograph.

Post an example of a Daguerreotype image.

Post an example of a Calotype image.

 Post an example of a Wet Collodion Process image.

Post an example of a Dry Plate Process image.

 Post an example of The Kodak Camera from 1888.

Post a photo of the first Polaroid camera.

Post a photo of the Zoopraxiscope.

 Post a photo of Muybridge's horse in motion.

"The Linotype Machine | 1886 AD"

Who is credited with the invention of the typewriter?
Christopher Sholes
What is a "stenographer"? A person skilled in transcription of speech

Post an example of Shole's typewriter.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Why did Sholes send a prototype of his typewriter to Clephane?
Because he realized that stenographers would be among the first and most important users. Clephane was one.
After the typewriter began production, why did Clephane pursue another machine?
Because he realized that it took too long to typeset and copy the words with the typewriter. He made an invention that would bridge the gap between the typewriter and the printed page.
Who spent a year redesigning Clephane's typesetting machine?
Ottmar Mergenthaler helped them.What is meant by "typesetting"?
Arranging or generating the type for a piece of text to be printed.

Post an example of Linotype Machine.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

How does the Linotype Machine differ from the typewriter?
The Linotype Machine allowed type to be set mechanically rather than by hand. It produced a solid line of type by casting hot lead into a series of molds that corresponded to individual letters. The name comes from the fact that it produces an entire line of metal type at once.
How did this machine change the newspaper industry?
It changed radically making it possible for a small number of operators to set type for more pages on a daily basis.

Post an example of a Linotype keyboard.

 

 

 

 

 

 

How did the keyboard of the Linotype Machine differ from keyboards that we use today?
It had a 90-character keyboard and there was no shift key, so the uppercase letters had separate keys from lowercase letters. Also, the arrangement of keys was based on letter frequency. The keyboard had the same alphabet arrangement twice. On the left, the black keys were lowercase. On the right, the white keys were uppercase. The blue keys in the middle were for punctuation, digits, small capital letters, and fixed width spaces.

Post an example of a Linotype slug.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

What is a slug?
The machine assembled matrices or molds for the letter forms. The assembled line of type is then cast as a single piece, called a slug. The process allowed for faster typesetting and composition than by hand.Post an example of a person operating a Linotype Machine.
Why is the Linotype Machine the greatest advanced in printing since movable type?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The machine changed the newspaper industry drastically. It made typing easier and faster. It was awarded "Grand Prix" at World Expo in Paris, and exported to many different countries over the world.

"The Gutenberg Press | 1450 AD"

What is Johannes Gutenberg credited with?
Post a photo of the Gutenberg Press.
How did the printing press work?

What motivated Gutenberg to find a better way of creating books?

Why did Gutenberg experiment with metal type versus wood type?
Post an example of movable type in a type case.
What is moveable type?

What is a matrix?

What ink did Gutenberg develop that he used specifically for the printing press?

What is paper made from? Where did paper originate?

What is a "substrate"?

Who did Gutenberg seek to help with the invention of the press? Close to the end of the 5 years, what happened? 
What was the first book he printed?Post an example of this book.

How did the Gutenberg Press impact communication?

Who introduced the printing press to England?

What was the early form of newspapers?

When was the first news weekly published? What was it called?

What kind of press was built in the US in the mid 1800s?
Post an example of a 1930s printing press.
By the late 1930s, presses had increased in efficiency and were capable of 2,500 to 3,500 impressions per hour. What is meant by "impression"?

Which printing process is the Gutenberg press an example of? Briefly describe the process?
Post an example of an intaglio press.
What is intaglio printing and how is ink transferred?
Post an example of a screen (porous) printing press.
What is porous printing and how is ink transferred?
Post an example of a lithography printing press.
What is lithography and how is ink transferred?
Post an example of a offset lithography printing press.
What variation of lithography is used by the commercial printing industry today?

How do printing presses used today compare to the Gutenberg Press?

Describe four-color process printing using CMYK?

"The Codex and the Illuminated Manuscript | 1st century AD"

Post an example of a scroll.

 

What were the drawbacks of the scroll?They only allowed sequential usage.

Post an example of a codex.

What is a codex?A covered and bound collection of hand-written pages.

"Codex" is derived from the Latin meaning "block of wood". Why?Because it had compactness and sturdiness.

What is the difference between "sequential access" and "random access"?Random- one can go to any point to find information.

Sequential- one must go through the scroll to find a certain passage.

What were the advantages of using the codex?Easier to organize in libraries.

What helped spread the use of the codex?The bible.

What replaced papyrus? Describe the process used to create it?Parchment, made from animal skins. The hair was removed and skin was smoothed out, hide was soaked in water, calcium, flour, and salt were added, skin was stretched out, flattened and dried.

What is vellum?Finer qualities of parchment made from cat skins.

Name several examples of current technology that utilizes the format of the codex?Kindle, iPad, digital books.

What led to a period of cultural and economical deterioration?The decline of the Roman Empire resulted in fewer books being created.

Post an example of an illuminated manuscript.

Who began creating books by hand, taking the creation to an art form?

Monastic monks

What does "illumination" refer to? What was included in this ornamentation?Refers to the borders, illustrations, and ornamentation added to each page of text.

What tool was used for creating the illuminated manuscripts? Natural quill pens.

Why were these manuscripts reserved for religious purposes?Because the work was laborious.

What is craftsmanship? Why is it important?

The skill in an occupation. It's important because these manuscripts were very elegant and needed to be perfect.